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Mastoidectomy
Advanced Mastoidectomy Surgery with Krescent Healthcare
Our expert and experienced ENT surgeons at Krescent Healthcare have ample experience performing various surgeries, including mastoidectomy. Contact us today to schedule an appointment.
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Mastoidectomy
Otolaryngology
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What is mastoidectomy?
It is a surgical procedure that removes diseased mastoid air cells. The mastoid, which is located behind your ear, is filled with air cells made of bone. It looks like a honeycomb. The diseased cells are often a result of an ear infection that has spread into your skull. Also, mastoidectomy can be used to remove cholesteatomas, or abnormal growths in the ear.
Due to the variable pneumatization patterns of the temporal bone, each mastoidectomy has its unique characteristics. The usual reasons for conducting a mastoidectomy include acute and chronic mastoiditis, along with cholesteatoma. Additionally, for patients experiencing complications of chronic or acute otitis media, a mastoidectomy can be performed together with tympanostomy tube placement. This surgical procedure is also utilised in various otological procedures such as labyrinthectomy, facial nerve surgery, cochlear implantation, petrous apex lesions, lateral skull base tumours, and endolymphatic sac surgery.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
A mastoidectomy can be performed for either cholesteatomas or severe mastoid infections. Its symptoms can be confused with other ear infections and problems, so your ENT doctor must perform a thorough diagnosis before recommending a treatment.
The diagnosis may need to be confirmed by multiple diagnostic tests, including blood tests, MRIs, CT scans, and X-rays of the head and ear. You may also need a spinal tap or lumbar puncture if the infection has spread to the skull. The scan will help determine the severity of mastoid degeneration.
Treatment
In general, the surgical treatment depends on your condition's severity. For example, a simple mastoidectomy involves just removing the diseased part of the bone and leaving the ear canal intact. If, however, you require extensive surgery, your surgeon may need to widen your ear canal to preserve hearing function by combining your ear canal and mastoid bone. This type of surgery is called a radical or modified mastoidectomy.
Typically, the surgery is performed under local anaesthesia, and you can return home the following day. In order to minimise scarring, an incision is made behind the ear, and after the infected bone areas are removed, the incision is closed with sutures and dressed appropriately. It typically takes about 2-3 hours for the complete procedure to be completed.
Diagnostic Tests of Mastoidectomy
Its symptoms can often be confused with other ear infections, so an ENT surgeon must perform a thorough diagnosis before drafting a treatment plan. Mastoidectomy is often performed to treat cholesteatomas or severe mastoid infections.
A doctor usually suggests a variety of diagnostic tests, including blood tests, along with imaging scans like MRI, CT scan, and X-rays of your head and ear area. A scan can be used to determine the severity of mastoid degeneration. You may also need a lumbar puncture or spinal tap if there is a chance that the infection has spread to the skull.
Procedure of Surgery
In a mastoidectomy surgery, an experienced ENT surgeon uses an operating microscope to perform the operation. The surgery is usually performed under general anaesthesia. An incision behind the ear is used to access the mastoid bone in a simple mastoidectomy surgery.
After making an incision, the surgeon uses a microscope and other specialized instruments to open the mastoid bone and use suction irrigation to keep the area free of bone dust.
Once the infected air cells have been removed from the mastoid bone, the surgical site is stitched up. The surgical wound is kept clean and dry by a surgeon wearing gauze. During the surgery, a facial nerve monitor may be used to limit facial nerve damage. A mastoidectomy typically takes two to three hours to perform.
Recovery After Mastoidectomy Surgery
The recovery period after surgery typically lasts 8-12 weeks. Some patients feel better after a few days, while others may take up to 14 days.
When you wake up, you may find stitches next to your ear and experience headaches, numbness, and discomfort during recovery. In some cases, pain can occur for the first few days after surgery. In order to promote healing, doctors usually recommend activity restrictions for 3-4 weeks.
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