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Infertility in Men: What Is It?
The issue of male infertility is on the rise. It occurs when a man is unable to impregnate his female partner through natural means. While conception is normally straightforward, men facing infertility struggle to achieve it. Despite popular belief, male partners can also contribute to a couple's difficulty in conceiving, regardless of the woman's physical well-being. Male infertility can stem from various factors, including genetic predispositions and unhealthy lifestyle choices. Fortunately, there are a multitude of treatment options available for infertility that offer hope for reversing the condition.
Furthermore, we have a team of fertility specialists in India who are highly trained and experienced in performing fertility treatments and ensuring a high success rate. For male infertility, Krescent Healthcare offers the most advanced solutions. So book your consultation with our fertility specialists and receive a successful outcome.
Male Infertility Treatment: What Happens
Male infertility diagnosis: Getting infertility treatment requires an individual to undergo a comprehensive diagnosis. It is important to note that the fertility specialist may prescribe a variety of tests based on the physical examination findings. Generally, the following tests are prescribed before male infertility treatment:
Analyses of semen: Semen analysis tests are routine tests for male infertility and help determine their exact cause. They involve a semen collection process in which a man provides his semen sample in a sterile cup to be evaluated. The next step involves studying the sperm count, concentration and movement of the sperm, and structure of the sperm. These factors combined allow doctors to determine if a child can be conceived.
Ultrasound of the transrectal area: This ultrasound also helps in diagnosing infertility issues. Sound waves are used to create an image of the reproductive organ in this ultrasound. Doctors place a probe in the rectum that directs sound waves to the surrounding ejaculatory ducts. A doctor can use this test to determine if the seminal vesicles or the ejaculatory ducts are abnormal or blocked.
Biopsy of the testicles: As a result of a low or no sperm count in the semen analysis, a testicular biopsy is recommended. Under general anesthesia, this procedure is performed in a clinic or laboratory. The doctor cuts the male’s scrotum, taking a small piece of tissue from each testicle. Under a microscope, the tissue samples are examined. A biopsy helps determine the cause of infertility, and it may also assist with assisted reproduction.
Profile of hormones: A hormonal profile test, as the name suggests, assesses your hormones. When the doctor receives the detailed hormonal profile, he studies your sperm production. For the detection of infertility in a man, the doctor may also measure the levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Testosterone, Prolactin, and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG).
Treatments for male infertility
Male Infertility Treatments Without Surgery: Depending on the cause of male infertility, the doctor might suggest the following non-surgical treatments for male infertility:
There are several causes of anejaculation, including prior surgeries, diabetes, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, abnormalities present at birth, and other mental and physical issues.
Medicines, psychotherapy, and sex therapy are generally used to treat anejaculation.
CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia): The doctor might suggest hormone replacement therapy if infertility is caused by adrenal hyperplasia, a congenital problem with certain enzymes.
Ejaculation retrograde: Male infertility is caused by this condition in which semen flows backwards instead of normally ejaculating. This condition is usually treated with drugs. It may result from prostate or bladder surgery, diabetes, antidepressants, spinal cord injury, etc.
Infertility treatments for men
Men with varicocele are more likely to be infertile. Varicocele is characterized by an enlargement of the scrotum's veins. In order to fix the enlarged and swollen veins, varicocelectomy, which is a surgical procedure to treat varicocele, can be performed. It is possible to reverse varicocele if it is the cause of infertility in a man. You can get varicocelectomy from our vascular surgeons for an affordable price.
The condition azoospermia is characterized by an absence of sperm in the ejaculate. Azoospermia is generally caused by a blockage that prevents sperm from entering the ejaculate. As a result, a man may not be able to impregnate a woman. TESA, PESA, and MESA are surgical procedures that can be used to treat this condition and restore fertility.
ART or Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Although non-surgical and surgical male infertility treatments may be effective in restoring fertility for some individuals, in certain cases, Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) may be the ultimate solution. ART involves surgical manipulation of both eggs and sperm to facilitate conception without sexual intercourse. Fertility experts will conduct diagnostic tests to determine the specific type and cause of male infertility before recommending an appropriate ART method. The commonly used ART procedures are:
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Over time, IVF has proven to be the most dependable ART. This process entails combining a female or donor egg with the sperm of a male partner or donor in a dish outside of the woman's body. Ovarian stimulation is an essential component of this process, serving as its initial stage. It enables the fertility expert to retrieve multiple mature eggs. These mature eggs are subsequently fertilized in the laboratory with the sperm, and the resulting embryo is then inserted into the woman's uterus. A pregnancy test is conducted two weeks following implantation.
Generally, this method is prescribed for men with severe oligospermia, i.e., low sperm counts or blocked fallopian tubes.
IUI (intrauterine insemination)
One of the most common and reliable reproductive techniques is intrauterine insemination, which involves injecting sperm directly into the uterus. The IUI procedure offers a high chance of conception because a high concentration of healthy sperm is injected very close to the egg of the female partner. This method is recommended when the male partner has infertility due to low sperm count, retrograde ejaculation, or sperm movement problems.
Injection of intracytoplasmic sperm (ICSI)
In cases of severe male infertility, ICSI is a type of IVF treatment. During ICSI, sperm are injected into the egg using a tiny needle and when fertilized, they are implanted in the uterus of the female partner. If the male partner has poor sperm quality, no sperm in the semen, or a block of testicular failure that cannot be cured, ICSI may be the best fertility treatment.
Preparation for Male Infertility Treatment
You should prepare for male-infertility treatment in advance, no matter which surgical or ART method your doctor recommends. Here are some tips:
You should talk to your doctor about the medicines you are taking Many medications can interfere with fertility treatments. Therefore, you should tell your doctor about all the medicines you're taking before the treatment. In addition, if your doctor has recommended some medicines before the treatment, make sure you take them as instructed. In this way, you will be able to benefit from the treatment to its fullest.
Prevent apprehensions by discussing them beforehand You can ask your doctor to explain the treatment procedures, risks, and complications beforehand if you have any questions regarding the treatment.
Before surgery, avoid eating To avoid complications associated with anesthesia, your doctor might ask you to stop eating 8 to 12 hours before surgery for male infertility.
Make arrangements for transportation and care In order to ensure your safety following surgery for male infertility, make sure you bring an attendant with you.
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