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Appendicitis
Laparoscopy
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What is an Appendectomy?
Appendectomy, also known as appendix removal, is a surgical procedure used to remove an inflamed or infected appendix. It is typically recommended in cases of acute appendicitis, where the condition progresses rapidly and poses a risk of the appendix bursting. A burst appendix can lead to the spread of infection throughout the body, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, prompt treatment is crucial for acute appendicitis. On the other hand, chronic appendicitis does not require immediate surgery as the pain is less severe and there is a lower chance of complications.
Different Grades of Appendicitis
Grade 1- Early Appendicitis
It is likely that you will feel pain near your navel in this stage, and it might feel like a cramp, and you probably won't be able to pinpoint the location of the pain. The first sign of an appendix inflammation is usually loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting, among other symptoms.
Grade 2- Suppurative Appendicitis
This stage is when the bacteria and inflammatory fluids accumulated in the appendix's lumen enter the appendix's muscular wall and cause intense pain when the inflamed membrane rubs against the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal cavity. Additionally, you will experience pain shifting from the belly button to the right lower abdominal region.
Grade 3- Gangrenous appendicitis
During this stage, the blockage of the appendix leads to inflammation and increased pressure, preventing blood flow into the organ. In the absence of proper treatment on time, the appendix can break or tear, causing severe complications for the patient.
Grade 4- Perforated/Ruptured appendicitis
On occasion, appendix infection can lead to the development of a perforation that allows bacteria to spread throughout the abdominal cavity. This leakage of stool prompts a bodily response, causing abscesses to form. As a consequence of this inflammation, the bowel becomes fragile and challenging to remove surgically. The presence of these abscesses in the abdomen may cause extended periods of fever and discomfort, thus delaying recovery time.
Grade 5- Phlegmonous appendicitis or abscess
An inflamed or perforated appendix can sometimes be separated by the adjacent greater omentum (a double-layer of fatty tissue covering and supporting the organs and intestines in the lower abdomen) or by a complete blockage of the small intestine, resulting in phlegmonous appendicitis or abscess, resulting in a swollen, reddened, thickened, and compacted appendix.
Types of Appendix Operation (Appendicitis Surgery)
Open Appendectomy : In this surgery, the surgeon makes a large cut/incision of about 5-10 centimeters in the lower-right abdominal area, removing the appendix completely, and stitching up the wound.
Laparoscopic Appendectomy : Appendix removal surgery with this method is considered advanced compared to conventional methods. In this method, the surgeon makes two or three tiny incisions in your abdomen rather than a single large cut, and inserts a laparoscope – a thin tube with a camera and light attached to it, which allows them to see inside your abdomen. Surgical tape or sutures are used to tie and close the appendix, and a dressing is applied.
Recovery After Laparoscopic Appendectomy
The usual recovery time after a laparoscopic appendectomy takes about 1 to 3 weeks at most. Within a week, the patient can return to work and resume daily activities. Some instructions will be given by the doctor to help speed up recovery. If you follow the instructions carefully, you'll be able to recover fully within the given time frame.
As the appendix itself is removed during the surgery, there is no chance of recurrence of appendicitis following an appendectomy.
Benefits of Laparoscopic Appendectomy
In comparison to open surgery, laparoscopic appendix removal has the following advantages:
Laparoscopic surgery involves making 1 to 3 keyhole-sized incisions, which are smaller than 1 large incision, resulting in significantly less damage to the skin.
During and after surgery, there is less chance of bleeding or infection due to the small incisions.
Post-op pain is minimal due to the small size of the incision.
A small incision heals faster than a large one, so the patient recovers quickly.
During laparoscopic appendectomy, the patient is discharged from the hospital the same day.
After a laparoscopic appendectomy, physical activities will be less restricted.
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