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Glaucoma Treatment
Ophthalmology
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Minimally invasive surgery for glaucoma
A common eye condition that results from fluid buildup in the eye and increases eye pressure, glaucoma affects the eye's optic nerve (the nerve that connects the eyes to the brain) and gradually worsens vision.
If the patient does not receive timely treatment for glaucoma, the patient may become blind. Glaucoma occurs slowly, so people are not aware that their vision is changing. As the condition worsens, patients cannot see clearly. If left untreated, the condition can cause permanent blindness and accelerate vision loss. Instead, treatment can restore vision loss and keep the patient from experiencing headaches and vision loss in the future.
Glaucoma diagnosis before treatment
In most cases, a regular eye examination is sufficient to diagnose and confirm glaucoma. However, the eye specialist may recommend the following tests for a more accurate diagnosis:
Using a special device (tonometer), eye pressure is measured in order to determine if the intraocular pressure is excessive.
In gonioscopy, the iris and cornea are examined in order to determine if the angle or area from where fluid drains out is open or closed. This determines the type of glaucoma a patient has.
Patients are shown a series of light spots to identify which ones they are able to see in the Visual Field Test (Perimetry).
A slit lamp or optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used to examine the optic nerve.
A doctor will recommend the best glaucoma treatment method for a patient based on the results of these diagnostic tests and evaluations.
What is the best way to prepare for glaucoma surgery?
While glaucoma surgery does not require strategic preparation, it is always best to be prepared for the surgery and know what to expect.
During your glaucoma surgery, wear comfortable clothing. It is best to wear something you can easily remove without moving past the eye.
On the day of surgery, avoid wearing jewelry, make-up, contact lenses, lotions or moisturizers.
You should have an adult accompany you to the hospital and drive you home after your glaucoma surgery.
Before glaucoma surgery, you should follow your eye surgeon's instructions on what you can or cannot eat or drink. Since the surgery is performed under anesthesia, you should have clear instructions about what you can and cannot eat.
Health insurance cards, identity documents, and any other paperwork or documents that your eye surgeon gives you may be required at the hospital.
Make sure your eye surgeon knows about all medications you are taking. Certain painkillers and blood thinners should be avoided before glaucoma surgery.
Glaucoma surgery recovery
Most of the recovery period after glaucoma surgery depends on the procedure and what you expect.
The patient may experience blurry vision in the operated eye immediately after surgery. Other temporary side effects include:
Eye redness, swelling, and irritation
Feeling as if something is stuck in the eye
Many people who have glaucoma surgery do not experience significant pain. If you do experience pain in the eye, consult your eye doctor about the best way to relieve it.
In the case of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, visual recovery is very short. In most cases, the recovery period may be between one and seven days. After surgery, most people are able to resume daily activities such as reading, watching television, and using their phones, computers or other electronic devices within a few days. After surgery, eye protection (a shield or glasses) prevents bumping or rubbing the eye.
After glaucoma surgery, avoid the following:
Swimming or taking a bath in a hot tub
Applying eye makeup or cream to the face
Lifting, bending, or straining
Reusable contact lenses
Running or lifting heavy weights are examples of exercises
Glaucoma surgery risks and complications
The benefits of surgical intervention in advanced glaucoma cases typically outweigh the risks. However, there are some rare risks and complications to be aware of:
There is a slight possibility of vision loss following glaucoma surgery, but this is a very rare complication.
Complications include bleeding inside the eye, infections, and fluid pockets behind the retina caused by shallow eye pressure.
Glaucoma surgery can cause infection inside the eye, which can threaten vision. These infections can occur immediately after surgery or weeks, months, or even years later.
In some cases, glaucoma surgery can cause low eye pressure, called hypotony (fluid collects behind the retina after surgery).
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