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Knee Replacement
Diagnosis, Surgery, and Recovery of Knee Replacement
Get rid of the affected knee joint to restore mobility. Undergo advanced and minimally invasive total knee replacement surgery or partial knee replacement surgery. For safe knee replacement surgery performed by an experienced orthopaedic surgeon, schedule an appointment today with Krescent Healthcare.
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Knee Replacement
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What is Knee Replacement?
Knee replacement surgery, also called arthroplasty or total knee replacement, involves replacing a damaged or diseased knee joint with an artificial one. During the procedure, metal and plastic components are used to cap the ends of the bones that make up the knee joint and the kneecap.
This surgery is typically recommended for individuals with severe arthritis or a serious knee injury. If successful, patients often experience improved quality of life, mobility, and pain relief. Significant enhancements in areas such as pain, stiffness, physical function, vitality, and social functioning are commonly observed after a successful knee replacement surgery.
Benefits of total knee replacement surgery
Total knee replacement surgery has numerous benefits, including:
1. Patients can experience significant pain relief following surgery, improving their quality of life and allowing them to perform daily activities without discomfort.
2. Patients are able to perform previously impossible or difficult activities thanks to improved mobility and range of motion in the knee joint.
3. Total knee replacements use durable and long-lasting artificial components. In most cases, patients experience 20 years or more of pain-free function.
4. Having a total knee replacement can significantly improve mental health, reducing the effects of chronic pain on mood and emotional well-being.
Preparation for Surgery
Risks and complications of total knee replacement surgery
Like any surgical procedure, it also carries certain risks and complications, including
Knee implant designs that are common
Knee implants are most commonly designed as follows:
Bicruciate-retaining Implant Design (Hinged Implants)
ACL is removed in most knee replacement surgeries for better implant fixation. Bi-cruciate implants are used when both the ACL and PCL are retained.
Cruciate-retaining Implant Design (Non-constrained Implants)
Since the PCL is retained (although the ACL is still removed), this implant does not have a center post and cam.
Posterior-stabilised Implant Design (Semi-constrained Implants)
When both of the cruciate ligaments are removed, a part of the implant is used to mimic their function, making this design commonly used. Since the PCL is removed from these implants, the tibial component is fixed to the femoral component with an internal post and cam to prevent the thigh bone from sliding forward during bending.
Unicompartmental Implants
They are small and specially designed to replace only one side of the knee joint when only a portion of the knee joint needs to be removed, i.e., partial knee replacement surgery.
Different types of implants based on the range of motion
Fixed-bearing Implants
There is a fixed-bearing design. The plastic part of the tibial component is attached to the metal surface below. The femoral component rolls on this plastic cushion.
Medial Pivot Implants
An innovative design, medial pivot implants borrow from mobile-bearings to replicate knee movements more effectively than both other designs. The implants rotate, twist, bend, and flex, just as natural knees do. However, one drawback of this design is that it relies more heavily on the surrounding soft tissues for support and can cause strain on them. These implants follow a ball and socket design rather than a hinge design like a natural knee.
Mobile-bearing Implants
For this design, the plastic component is able to rotate a little inside the metal tibial tray. This joint allows for greater rotation on both the medial and lateral sides compared to fixed-bearing joints.
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