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Meniscus Tear Treatment
Diagnosis, Surgery, and Recovery of Meniscus Tear
Get a safe and effective meniscus tear surgery at Krescent Healthcare. Our orthopaedic surgeons are experts and experienced and have ample experience performing various surgeries, including meniscus tear surgery. Contact us now to schedule an appointment.
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Meniscus Tear Treatment
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What is Meniscus Tear?
A tear in the meniscus is a common injury that can happen in the knee. This C-shaped cartilage structure serves as a shock absorber and offers stability to the knee joint. The most common causes of these tears are forceful twisting or rotation of the knee, often during physical activities or when lifting heavy objects. Additionally, degenerative changes can weaken the meniscus over time and make it more prone to tears. Therefore, individuals who regularly engage in sports or other physical activities are at higher risk for meniscus tears.
Typical symptoms of a meniscus tear include knee pain, swelling, stiffness, locking or catching sensations, popping or clicking sounds, and limited range of motion. Therefore, seeking medical attention from an orthopaedic surgeon is essential for an accurate diagnosis. This typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests. Treatment methods vary depending on the location, size, and severity of the tear as well as the patient's age and activity level. For minor tears, conservative measures like rest, ice, physical therapy, and supportive devices such as crutches or knee braces can be beneficial. However, in some cases surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the torn portion of the meniscus.
Treatments Options
Meniscus tears can be treated in several ways:
Surgical Treatment
In knee arthroscopy, the doctor cleans the skin on your knee and covers the rest of your leg with a surgical drape to treat a torn meniscus. It usually takes less than an hour and requires anaesthesia.
After placing a clamp on your upper thigh, the surgeon inserts a small stab incision (cut) in your knee and fills it with sterile fluid in preparation for surgery. By controlling minor bleeding in the joint and washing away debris, the surgeon can see inside it more clearly.
Partial meniscectomy: Especially when the tear occurs in the inner region of the meniscus, where blood supply and healing potential are limited, it is more common than meniscus repair. In this procedure, the damaged cartilage is trimmed and removed, leaving healthy meniscus tissue in place.
Meniscus repair: There is a good blood supply in the outer region of the meniscus, so this procedure is suitable for tears. In this surgical procedure, a surgeon sews torn pieces of cartilage back together to let them heal on their own. However, less than 10% of tears are actually repairable because of the blood supply.
Depending on the technique, the surgeon may insert additional surgical instruments. Once the meniscectomy or meniscus repair is complete, the portals are closed with stitches or surgical strips, and the knee is bandaged.
Meniscus Tear Diagnosis
An orthopaedic surgeon conducts a thorough physical examination to determine the severity of the meniscus tear. A doctor also asks about the symptoms, the intensity of the pain in the knee joint, if any injury occurred in the past, etc. A doctor will also put slight pressure on the affected area to check for tenderness and swelling. To determine the severity of the meniscus tear, the surgeon may also recommend a few diagnostic tests, such as.
MRI- It is usually recommended to obtain a clear image of the torn meniscus tissues and ligaments.
X-Ray- For finding underlying bone problems, it helps get a clear image of the knee joint.
Non-Surgical Treatments
In non-surgical treatment for a meniscus tear, symptoms are managed, healing is promoted, and knee function is improved. Non-surgical options include:
Physical therapy: Physical therapy is crucial in the treatment of a meniscus tear, as it aims to improve knee strength, flexibility, and function while reducing pain and aiding in recovery. An experienced physical therapist will create a personalised plan tailored to the individual's specific condition, level of pain, and activity objectives. Some common components of physical therapy for a meniscus tear include targeted exercises to increase strength, gentle movements to maintain and improve knee flexibility, prevention of stiffness, and exercises focused on balance and proprioception.
Medications: It is common for pain medication to be prescribed for a meniscus tear, including options like over-the-counter analgesics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These can also be found in the form of topical creams or gels for localised relief. For more severe cases, corticosteroid injections may be advised to reduce inflammation and discomfort. However, it is important to seek advice from a healthcare professional in order to determine the most appropriate course of action. While medications can assist with managing symptoms, they do not address the underlying issue of the torn meniscus. In some instances, surgical procedures, such as arthroscopic surgery, may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged portion of the meniscus.
Injections: The most common injections for meniscus tears are corticosteroid injections (anti-inflammatory) and viscosupplementation (hyaluronic acid for joint lubrication). Injections do not heal tears, so they are part of a comprehensive treatment plan with other conservative measures, like physical therapy.
Benefits
In contrast to traditional methods of meniscus repair, meniscectomy is an advanced surgical procedure performed using a minimally invasive technique.
1. Enhanced recovery with minimal discomfort
2. Excessive bleeding is reduced
3. Post-surgical complications are less likely
4. Incisions are smaller
5. Compared to conventional surgery, the success rate is higher
6. Infection chances are minimal to nonexistent
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