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Book Consultation For
Total Knee Replacement
Orthopedics
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What is total knee replacement?
A total knee replacement (TKR) is a minimally invasive orthopaedic treatment that replaces damaged, worn, or diseased knee joints with an artificial prosthesis after surgery and postoperative physical therapy.
An effective knee replacement is designed to relieve the patient's pain and restore joint mobility. In contrast to partial knee replacement and patellar replacement, total knee replacement involves removing and replacing the entire joint, and is therefore only performed in severe cases.
How does a total knee replacement work?
You will need to undergo thorough diagnosis if you decide to undergo surgery in order to determine the severity of the condition, the type of implant, and other factors. Physical examinations are followed by imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI scans, X-rays, etc., followed by general health checks.
During total knee replacement surgery, either a general or spinal anaesthesia is used. The surgeon creates an incision over the affected knee, removes the generated joints, and places the prosthetic in its place. The wound is then closed with sutures or clips and dressed.
Minimally invasive surgery causes little bleeding, and there is usually no need for blood transfusions. Traditional open surgery, however, requires more care.
Different types of knee implants
Knee implants consist of three main components:
Tibial component
An implant's tibial component consists of a flat two-piece piece that is attached to the tibia and may have a plastic cushion between the tibial and femoral parts.
Femoral component
While bending the knee joint, the patellar component slides along the groove in the femoral component.
Patellar component
The patellar component is a plastic dome-shaped component that is resurfaced to match the patella's shape.
As far as materials are concerned, knee implants can be divided into four categories based on what they are made of: polyethylene, cobalt-chromium, titanium, zirconium, and nickel.
1. Ceramic on plastic
2. Ceramic on ceramic
3. Metal on metal
4. Metal on plastic
You will discuss your treatment options with your orthopaedic surgeon and determine the best prosthesis for you.
Recovery after Surgery
These tips will help you promote healing and reduce recovery time:
1. Use a crutch or wheelchair whenever possible to avoid unnecessary strain on the operated knee joint. Wear a knee brace to prevent unnecessary strain.
2. Maintain a healthy diet to avoid constipation and boost your immune system.
3. As directed by your physiotherapist and surgeon, follow your physiotherapy routine.
4. The recovery period should be free of smoking and drinking. Alcohol can react with pain medication and cause complications, and smoking can delay healing.
5. In order to prevent straining the prosthetic before it has healed completely, avoid strenuous activities like running, gym exercises, lifting heavy objects, etc.
6. When bending, kneeling, or sitting, be careful not to twist your knee.
7. Before you have recovered completely, do not schedule any other procedures.
Risks and Complications
While minimally invasive knee replacement surgeries are very safe, some complications may occur in rare cases:
1. Complications associated with anaesthesia, such as headache, nausea, drowsiness, and sore throat
2. Formation of blood clots, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
3. Stroke or heart attack
4. Damage to nerves or arteries
5. Pain and other symptoms do not resolve
6. Infection or bleeding
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