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Testicular Torsion
Benefits, risks, and recovery from testicular torsion
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Testicular Torsion
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What is Testicular Torsion?
It occurs when the spermatic cord, which supplies blood to the testicle, twists and cuts off blood supply to the testicle. Although testicular torsion is a rare condition, it is a medical emergency that requires prompt care. Males of any age can develop this condition, but adolescent boys aged 12-18 are more likely to develop it.
Torsion of the testicle is characterised by sudden and intense pain in the affected testicle, which may be accompanied by swelling, redness, and tenderness.
Torsion of the testicle can be classified into two types: intravaginal and extravaginal. Intravaginal torsion occurs when the spermatic cord is torn within the tunica vaginalis, the sac around the testicle. Extravaginal torsion occurs when the spermatic cord is torn outside of the tunica vaginalis, commonly in the inguinal canal.
The loss of blood supply caused by testicular torsion can result in the death of the affected testicle if left untreated, a condition known as testicular infarction. If left untreated, this can result in testicle loss and infertility for the rest of your life.
To prevent further twisting, the surgeon untwists the spermatic cord and secures the testicle. If the affected testicle is damaged beyond repair, it may need to be removed.
Diagnostic Tests
Testicular torsion is usually diagnosed by a physical examination of the testicle and scrotum when a patient exhibits signs and symptoms. In addition to performing diagnostic tests, they may be able to rule out other conditions and confirm the condition. Some of the diagnostic tests they may perform prior to testicular torsion treatment include:
Blood tests - Inflammation or infection in the body can cause symptoms similar to testicular torsion, so blood tests may be performed.
Urine tests - It is usually necessary to perform a urine test to rule out a urinary tract infection, which can cause scrotal pain.
Ultrasound - When the testicle is twisted, blood supply to the testicle is decreased or absent, which is visible on an ultrasound scan.
Testicular torsion requires immediate medical attention, as delays in treatment can lead to permanent damage to the testicle. If you experience sudden and severe pain in your testicle, you should seek medical attention immediately.
Testicular Torsion Treatment
This is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent long-term damage to the testicle. The treatment's primary goal is to restore blood flow to the damaged testicle.
Surgery - An orchiopexy procedure, in which the testicle is surgically fixed to avoid further torsion, may be required to untwist the testicle and restore blood flow.
Medications- When testicular torsion causes discomfort, pain relievers may be prescribed.
Manual detorsion- This procedure involves manually untwisting the testicle to reestablish blood flow. It is usually done under anaesthesia and may require advanced techniques to prevent retwisting.
In order to effectively treat testicular torsion, timely treatment is vital, since any delay in treatment can lead to lasting testicular damage. If treatment is delayed for an extended period of time, the afflicted testicle may need to be removed. If you experience sudden and severe pain in your testicle, seek medical attention immediately.
Benefits
Recovery after laser circumcision is often faster and involves fewer complications/side effects as compared to conventional circumcision. Laser circumcision is completed in less than 30 minutes and patients are discharged from the hospital after a few hours on the same day. There is very minimal pain or discomfort after the surgery, which can be managed by NSAID painkillers. The patients may also need to take antibiotics to prevent infections.
Causes
A testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists around the testicle, cutting off its blood supply. It is a medical emergency if it is not treated immediately, causing damage to the testicle and surrounding tissues. Some of the most common causes of testicular torsion include:
Congenital abnormality: It is possible for a congenital abnormality to increase the risk of testicular torsion. A "bell clapper" malformation, in which the testicle is not properly connected to the scrotum, can increase the risk of torsion.
Trauma or Injury: When the scrotum is injured or traumatised, the testicle can twist.
Inadequate fixation: In some cases, the testicle may not be firmly attached to the scrotum, causing it to twist or torsion.
Physical activity: The testicle can twist if it is subjected to sudden and forceful movements during sports or exercise.
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